A vueltas con las medidas provisionales en la Corte Internacional de Justicia: la cuestión de la jurisdicción prima facie y la plausibilidad. Especial referencia a la Reverse Compliance en el asunto Ukraine v. Russian Federation y al asunto Nicaragua v. Germany
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/2695-7728.41.2377Palabras clave:
Test de plausibilidad, prima facie, medidas provisionales, reverse compliance, Corte Internacional de JusticiaResumen
Este trabajo aborda las medidas provisionales en la Corte Internacional de Justicia, centrándose en los criterios de jurisdicción prima facie y la plausibilidad de los derechos invocados. Más allá de los fundamentos generales, se examinan casos recientes que cuestionan la consistencia en el manejo de la plausibilidad. Las ideas finales subrayan la importancia de estos estándares en la evolución del derecho internacional, evidenciando la necesidad de uniformidad por parte de la Corte, especialmente en contextos de alta complejidad jurídica y política.
Descargas
Referencias
Abad, M. “Efectos jurídicos de las medidas provisionales adoptadas por el tribunal internacional de justicia: el antes y el después del asunto Lagrand (sentencia de 27 de junio de 2001)” Anuario da Facultade de Dereito da Universidade da Coruña, ISSN-e 2530-6324, ISSN 1138-039X, nº 6, 2002, págs. 53-74, p. 53.
Baetens, F. “Abuse of Process and Abuse of Rights Before the ICJ: Ever More Popular, Ever Less Successful?” EJIL Talk, October 15, 2019. https://www.ejiltalk.org/abuse-of-process-and-abuse-of-rights-before-the-icj-ever-more-popular-ever-less-successful/.
Becker, T. Verbatim Record. Public sitting held on Friday 12 January 2024, at 10 a.m., at the Peace Palace, President Donoghue presiding, in the case concerning Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel), p. 36.
C.I.J. Asunto Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. (United Kingdom v. Iran). Order of 5 July 1951. Request for the indication of interim measures of protection.
C.I.J. Asunto Case of the monetary gold removed from Rome in 1943 (Preliminary Question), Judgment of June 15th, 1954: I.C.J. Reports 1954.
C.I.J. Asunto Interhandel (Switzerland v. United States of America). Orden de 24 de octubre de 1957. Lauterpacht, H., opinión separada p. 17.
C.I.J. Asunto Fisheries Jurisdiction (Federal Republic of Germany v. Iceland, Orden de 17 de agosto de 1972 .
C.I.J. Asunto Fisheries Jurisdiction (United Kingdom v. Iceland). Orden de 17 de agosto de 1972.
C.I.J. Asunto Nuclear Tests (New Zealand v. France). Orden de 22 de junio de 1973. Forsters opinión disidente, p. 17.
C.I.J. Asunto, Nuclear Tests (Australia v. France) Orden de 22 de junio de 1973.
C.I.J. Asunto Aegean case. (Interim Protection), Order of 11 September 1976, I.C.J. Reports 1976.
C.I.J. Asunto Aegean Sea Continental Shelf (Greece v. Turkey). Orden de 11 de septiembre de 1976. Jiménez de Aréchaga, opinión separada, p. 17.
C.I.J. Asunto Passage through the Great Belt (Finland v. Denmark), Provisional Measures, Order of 29 July 1991, I.C.J. Reports 1991, p. 12.
C.I.J. Asunto LaGrand (Germany v. United States of America), Provisional Meausures, Order of 3 March 1999, I. C. J. Reports 1999, p. 9.
C.I.J. Asunto Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America), Judgement, ICJ Reports 2003.
C.I.J., Asunto Actividades armadas en el territorio del Congo (República Democrática del Congo c. Uganda), Sentencia, I.C.J. Reports 2005.
C.I.J. Asunto Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay) (Provisional Measures, Order of 13 July 2006, I.C.J. Reports 2006, p. 141), Abraham, opinión separada.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2007 (I).
C.I.J. Asunto Questions relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v. Senegal), Provisional Measures, Order of 28 May 2009, I.C.J. Reports 2009, p. 139. Cançado Trindade, opinión disidente.
C.I.J. Asunto Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Costa Rica v. Nicaragua), Provisional Measures, Order of 8 March 2011, I.C.J. Reports 2011, p. 6. Greenwood. Declaración, p. 47
C.I.J. Asunto Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area, Provisional Measures, Koroma, opinion separada. ICJ Reports (2011).
C.I.J. Annuaire-I.C.J. Yearbook 2013-2014.
C.I.J. Asunto Questions relating to the Seizure and Detention of Certain Documents and Data (Timor‑Leste v. Australia), Provisional Measures, Order of 3 March 2014, I.C.J. Reports 2014, p. 147. Greenwood, opinión disidente
C.I.J. Asunto. Questions relating to the Seizure and Detention of Certain Documents and Data (Timor-Leste v. Australia). Order of 3 March 2014, Cançado Trindade. A., opinion separada. p. 186.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia v. Serbia), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2015 (I).
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism and of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 19 April 2017, I.C.J. Reports 2017.
C.I.J. Application of the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism [ICSFT] and of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination [CERD] (Ukraine versus Russian Federation), Orden de 19 de abril de 2017. Cançado Trindade, A. opinión separada
C.I.J. Asunto Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America), Provisional Measures, Order of 3 October 2018, I.C.J. Reports 2018, p. 623.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (The Gambia v. Myanmar), Provisional Measures, Order of 23 January 2020, I.C.J. Reports 2020.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Armenia v. Azerbaijan), Provisional Measures, Order of 7 December 2021, I.C.J. Reports 2021.
C.I.J. Asunto Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022, I.C.J. Reports 2022, p. 211.
C.I.J. Asunto Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022, I.C.J. Reports 2022, p. 211. Declaration of Judge Xue, p. 241.
C.I.J. Asunto Arbitral Award of 3 October 1899 (Guyana v. Venezuela). Judgement of 6 April 2023. Partly separate and partly dissenting opinion of Judge ad hoc Couvreur.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel), Order of 26 January 2024.
C.I.J. Asunto Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Preliminary objections, Judgment of 2 February 2024.
C.I.J. Asunto Alleged Breaches of Certain International Obligations in respect of the Occupied Palestinian Territory (Nicaragua v. Germany). Order of 30 April 2024.
C.I.J. Asunto Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel), Order of 26 January 2024. Nolte. Declaración, p. 3.
C.I.J. Note for States concerning contentious cases before the Court de junio de 2024.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Denunciation of the Treaty of 2 November 1865 between China and Belgium. Order of 8 January 1927 (Measures of Protection). PCIJ Ser. A08.
C.P.J.I. Preparation of the Rules of Court of January 30th, 1922, Series D. No. 2.
C.P.J.I. Rules of Court (adopted March 24 1922). Series D, No. 1, 1926.
C.P.J.I. Statute and Rules of Court. First Edition, Series D. Nº.1, 1926.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Factory at Chorzów (Indemnities). Order made on 21 November 1927 (Measure of Interim Protection). PCIJ Ser. A12.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions, Greece v United Kingdom, Objection to the Jurisdiction of the Court, Judgment, PCIJ Series A nº 2, ICGJ 236 (PCIJ 1924), 30th August 1929.
C.P.J.I. Modification of the Rules. Series D, second addendum to Nº.2, 1931.
C.P.J.I. Serie D. Actas y Documentos relativos a la organización de la Corte. Segunda Adenda a la nº 2. Modificaciones al Reglamento de 1931.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Legal Status of the South-Eastern Territory of Greenland. Order of 3 August 1932 (Request for the Indication of Interim Measures of Protection) PCIJ Ser A/B48.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Polish Agrarian Reform and German Minority. Order of 29 July 1933 (Application for the Indication of Interim Measures of Protection). PCIJ Ser A/B58.
C.P.J.I. Elaboration of the Rules of Court of March 11th, 1936 Series D, third addendum to Nº.2, 1936.
C.P.J.I. Asunto Electricity Company of Sofia and Bulgaria. Order of 5 December 1939 (Request for the Indication of Interim Measures of Protection) PCIJ Ser A/B79.
C.P.J.I. Statute and Rules of Court. Series D. Nº.1, fourth Edition - April 1940.
C.P.J.I. Elaboration of the Rules of Court of March 11th, 1936. Series D, fourth addendum to Nº.2, 1943.
Convention for the Establishment of a Central American Court of Justice (1907). Disponible en Derecho Internacional Público - dipublico.org.
CACJ. Asunto Honduras v. Guatemala, Final Conclusions & Award of 19 December 1908, 3. Am. J. Int’l L. 729 (1909).
Costa Rica. Archivo Nacional. Expediente de El Salvador. Asunto: juicio promovido por el Gobierno de El Salvador contra el de la República de Nicaragua por haber celebrado este último, con el Gobierno de Estados Unidos de Norte América, el Tratado Bryan - Chamorro: otorga a Estados Unidos ciertos derechos para la construcción de un canal interoceánico y una base naval en el Golfo de Fonseca. Unidad documental CR-AN-AH-CJCA-00169.”
International Law Commission. Summary record of the 189th meeting, 9 June 1953, Extract from the Yearbook of the International Law Commission, 1953, vol. I, para 19.
Kempen, B. Y zan, H. The Practice of the International Court of Justice on Provisional Measures: The Recent Development. Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht, vol.69, no.4, pp. 919–929.
Lando, M. “Plausibility in the Provisional Measures Jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice.” Leiden Journal of International Law 31, no. 3 (2018): 641–68. https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1017/S0922156518000213.
López-Almansa, E. Las medidas provisionales de la Corte Internacional de Justicia en el Asunto Avena y otros Nacionales Mejicanos (Méjico vs. Estados Unidos). Anuario Español de Derecho Internacional, ISSN-e 2173-3775, ISSN 0212-0747, nº 19, 2003, págs. 421-442, p. 439.
Milanovic, M. “A Thought Experiment on Plausibility and ICJ Provisional Measures”. EJIL Talk, May 7, 2024.
Miles, CA. “Origins of Provisional Measures.” Chapter I. Provisional Measures before International Courts and Tribunals, 15–81. Cambridge Studies in International and Comparative Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Miles, CA. “Plausibility and the ICJ: A response to Somos and Sparks”, Völkerrechtsblog, 12 October 2018, doi: 10.17176/20181012-094819-0.
Miles, CA. “Provisional measures and the ‘new’ plausibility in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice”. British Yearbook of International Law, 2018. pp 1–46.
Miłosz, G. How Urgent is Urgent?—Statistical Analysis of Procedural Urgency in Provisional Measures at the International Court of Justice, Chinese Journal of International Law, Volume 22, Issue 4, December 2023, Pages 789–822, https://doi.org/10.1093/chinesejil/jmad047.
Ndiaye, T.M. Journal of Law and Judicial System Volume 1, Issue 2, 2018, PP 21-48, p. 28.
Oellers-Frahm, K. and zimmermann, A. 'Article 41', in Andreas Zimmermann, and others (EDS), The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary, 3rd Edition, Oxford Commentaries on International Law (2019; online edn, Oxford Academic), https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198814894.003.0055.
Raju, D. Ukraine v Russia: A “Reverse Compliance” case on Genocide. EJIL Talk, March, 15, 2022.
Reichert, D. Provisional Remedies in International Litigation: A Comprehensive Bibliography, 19, INT'L L. 1429 (1985).
Rob P., & Abken, F. A. Complex Relationship: The Interplay Between the Monetary Gold Principle and the Genocide Convention in Nicaragua v. Germany, Völkerrechtsblog, 24.10.2024.
Rosenne, S., Provisional Measures in International Law: The International Court of Justice and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (Oxford, 2004; online edn, Oxford Academic, 22 Mar. 2012), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199268061.001.0001.
Sałkiewicz-Munnerlyn, E. Jurisprudence of the PCIJ and of the ICJ on Interim Measures of Protection, Springer, 2022.
Schondorf, R. “Implausible Confusion: The Meaning of “Plausibility” in the ICJ’s Provisional Measures”, EJIL Talk, May 6, 2024.
Shaw, M. Rosenne’s Law and Practice of the International Court: 1920-2015, Vol. II, Brill, 2016.
Sparks, T., Somos, M. The Humanisation of Provisional Measures? Plausibility and the Interim Protection of Rights before the ICJ. Max Plank Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. MPIL Research Paper Series,nº 2019-20.
Talmon, S. Chinese Journal of International Law (2016), 309–391.
Zimmermann, A., and others (eds), The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary, 3rd Edition, Oxford Commentaries on International Law (2019; online edn, Oxford Academic), Ch. III. Art. 41. pp. 20 https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198814894.001.0001.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 María del Angel Iglesias
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Desde noviembre de 2024 esta revista está publicada bajo licencia CC-BY-NC 4.0
.png){kind=logo}
